基于质量意识的复杂产品质量控制激励策略

激励在复杂产品供应链中对主供协同合作关系及质量控制发挥了重要作用。本文研究基于主制造商在复杂产品生产研发前按照客户要求形成的质量意识的激励策略是否可以实现复杂产品质量控制问题。考虑具有质量意识的主制造商和其系统供应商组成的两级供应链，建立以主制造商为领导者的Stackelberg博弈模型，分别讨论无激励和存在激励时的主供生产最优决策。基于激励方式的不同，将激励策略分为根据供应商产品质量水平激励以及根据主制造商质量意识水平激励两种方式。研究结果表明激励是供应商加强协同合作、改进产品质量的内在动力，主制造商根据质量意识激励供应商可以进一步促使双方协同合作，提高产品质量，使双方获得更高的利润从而实现供应链整体利润最大化。此外用灵敏度分析发现提高主制造商质量意识水平可以增加双方协同合作努力程度，有效提升产品质量水平并实现帕累托改进。     

体验型产品消费行为的羊群效应及机理研究——基于电影行业消费行为的实证解释

互联网环境下消费者购买体验型产品时对网络信息的依赖性很大。因此，研究社交媒体影响下体验型产品的消费者决策选择行为具有现实意义。本文以电影行业的票房偏离及消费跟风现象为切入点，探究体验型产品的羊群效应并对其产生的内在机理进行解释。采集艺恩资讯的票房数据以及豆瓣的电影基本信息及影评等数据作为研究样本，从消费者"羊群行为"视角分析其对电影票房的影响。研究发现：在控制了质量等内生性影响之后，消费者羊群效应依然存在；产品特征信息对羊群效应起到了调节作用，从而形成理性跟随；采用预期差异模型可以解释消费者实现理性跟随的过程。研究结论对于电影行业宏观政策制定及对体验型产品合理进行营销推广提供了理论基础与实证依据。     

区块链应用下生态农产品供应链优化

利用博弈模型，对生态农产品供应链内部契约合作稳定情况进行研究，并就区块链技术如何保障生态农产品供应链稳定运行进行分析。分析认为：生态农产品供应链稳定运行情况受到市场风险制约，区块链技术能通过改善生态农产品供应链内部信息不对称现象，增加生态农产品供应链内部交易节省成本并提高主体违约成本，同时增加生态农产品供应链主体长期合作得益及协调主体合作，从而保障生态农产品供应链稳定运行。在此基础上，结合区块链技术特征对区块链技术应用下生态农产品供应链结构设计进行了探讨并对部分可能出现的问题进行了讨论。     

智库、智库产品及智库竞争视角下的智库治理研究

建设中国特色新型智库需要加强智库治理。笔者结合智库内外部治理，提出智库治理的结构模型及影响因素。智库治理包括对智库产品、单一智库以及智库竞争的治理，这三类治理相互影响、相互强化。智库治理问题的本源性因素在于智库产品具有政策导向性、不完全性、难以精确衡量性，而条件性因素在于智库产业环境欠佳、智库人力资源缺乏。可以认为，智库治理应当从内外部两方面入手，围绕建立完善的智库产品及智库评价体系，建立完善公正、公开的多元市场竞争与需求机制，依据相关法律政策，明确智库及智库从业人员的权利、责任、义务、处罚等事项，而培养智库专业人才则应采取多样性、综合性的治理措施。总之，中国智库应当以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，加强对智库本身及智库产业、市场的治理，才能真正实现为中国的发展蓝图而赋予中国智库的新要求、新任务，真正有力促进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化建设。     

信息不对称下理财产品刚性兑付成因研究

既然法律或者理财合同没有规定，为什么银行要对其发行的理财产品进行刚性兑付? 已有国内研究以定性分析为主，缺乏规范的模型分析; 已有国外研究或不能完全解释理财产品投资非标资产比例显著低于监管上限，或没有考虑银行理财产品存在事后信息不对称的现实，尚不能完全解释银行理财产品刚性兑付的成因。文章使用成本状态验证方法刻画关于到期收益的信息不对称，使用信息投资方法刻画关于银行努力程度的信息不对称，构建委托投资管理模型分析银行理财产品刚性兑付的形成机理。研究发现，刚性兑付有助于降低信息不对称导致的成本，从而增加银行收益; 当绕过监管的成本低于一定阈值时，刚性兑付便有利可图，银行因而选择刚性兑付。进一步分析表明，引入关于到期收益信息的不完美信号，有助于缓解激励问题、破解刚性兑付。     

The Principles and Ethics of Including Children with Disability in Child Research

This paper provides a set of principles and ethics, developed in collaboration between Pacific‐ and Australian‐based researchers, to guide research practice in a project enabling the self‐reporting of children with disability in Vanuatu and Papua New Guinea (PNG). The paper presents both a summary of academic literature relating to these principles and ethics, as well as their succinct ‘translation’ into a set of action statements for researchers working with children with disability. The paper offers a base for further development by others to guide research practice and foster the autonomous participation of children with disability in developing countries.     

To what extent is social security spending associated with enhanced firm-level performance? A case study of SMEs in Indonesia

Although the relationship between social protection and enterprise performance is much debated in the literature, evidence is particularly limited in the case of small and medium-sized enterprises in developing economies. Using census data from 2010 to 2014, this article examines how the provision of social security influenced business performance in Indonesia. The author finds that increased social security spending of 10 per cent is associated with a per-worker revenue gain of up to 2 per cent. Moreover, profits are not found to decrease with increased social protection coverage, suggesting that increasing worker benefits may be a worthwhile business investment.     

Sustainable consumption and third-party certification labels: Consumers’ perceptions and reactions

Compared with conventional products, sustainable products continue to attract relatively lower market shares. To increase customer acceptance, many sustainable products feature third-party certification labels (TPCL), yet it is unclear whether TPCL are effective and what processes and boundary conditions define their role in consumer decision making. Across three experimental studies, this research determines that sustainable products are characterized by credence qualities, associated with increased perceptions of risk, which negatively influence consumers' purchase intentions. Drawing on signaling theory, this study also shows that TPCL on sustainable products provide brand-like information cues that reduce the perceived risk of sustainable products. Finally, a third experimental study demonstrates that consumers must perceive TPCL as credible for them to reduce consumers’ risk perceptions.     

Finding the niche to reposition leadership in Africa’s developing economies for the global highway: review of literature on leadership development programmes – methods and techniques*

Africa’s developing economies remain in critical need for leadership. This paper asserts that Africa’s new growth opportunities rest with leadership that could champion organizational performance, innovativeness, and good ethics among others. A review of extant literature on leadership development programmes (LDPs) was done to examine possible initiatives that leadership developers can use to influence leadership practices in Africa. This paper proposes that in Africa, LDPs can be used to inculcate authentic leadership practices and enhance networking and acquisition of innovative skills among others. Furthermore, LDPs could target the youth considering them as an investment into tomorrow’s leadership talent pool. The paper suggests that Africa’s niche for the global highway rests in contextualization of LDPs from other regions to Africa’s unique environment.     

Does a universal non-contributory social pension make sense for rural China?

China’s pension reform during the past three decades has allowed a majority of China’s population to be covered by a pension scheme. Of particular note has been the New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS), a voluntary programme introduced starting in 2009. One goal of our analysis is to assess that pension scheme, using a variety of sources of information including data drawn from recent (2013 and 2015) nationwide China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Surveys (CHARLS). Our analysis involves an exploration of differences between the generosity and structure of the NRPS and other pension schemes currently in place. We also explore the feasibility of reforming the current “quasi-social pension” component of the NRPS by substituting a universal non-contributory social pension pillar. In connection with our assessment of the NRPS, we note the unusually low benefit levels for rural China.